Dielectric resonator

The resonant system is made up of a cylindrical resonator built in a special dielectric material, with very low energy dissipation, and with a very high dielectric constant, which allows the dimensions of the system to be greatly reduced. Indeed, the resonator has a diameter of a few millimeters and can accommodate resonant electromagnetic modes that have vacuum wavelengths of several centimeters. On the other hand, the very low dissipation of the material allows us to obtain high quality factors for the resonances and store a lot of electromagnetic energy in the resonator.

The resonator that we have built presents a resonant mode called “gallery”, where the field is housed in the lateral surface of the cylinder, and with a specific frequency at which the atomic system is capable of interacting through the absorption (or emission) of a microwave photon.